去問問你的化學老師吧
腦殘先生兼眼殘先生
我已經懶得點明你錯在那裡了~~~去爬一下我所有的文
你竟然還堅持你對
不可思義


這句我先前已經提過了.笨蛋


你還沒回答我的問題 先回答了再說
快點阿!!
找資料要找三天嗎?
會問第4題代表你水準十分低



機制相同嗎? 你真的腦殘了....唉!!!
0分.0分.0分....通通都是0分
差死了
你真的是大學生嗎?實在是爛到不行
你的作者是那一年發的paper阿
標題來一下吧



這句話一樣回給你
我已經花太多時間在對牛彈琴了
請先去看看蛋白質最基本的性質是什麼?
活性的定義, 以及怎樣的情況下叫做有活性的?

Sterilization
Infectious particles possessing nucleic acid are dependent upon it to direct their continued replication. Prions, however, are infectious by their effect on normal versions of the protein. Sterilizing prions therefore involves the denaturation of the protein to a state where the molecule is no longer able to induce the abnormal folding of normal proteins. Prions are generally quite resistant to proteases, heat, radiation, and formalin treatments, although their infectivity can be reduced by such treatments. Effective prion decontamination relies upon protein hydrolysis or reduction or destruction of protein tertiary structure. Examples include bleach, caustic soda, and strong acidic detergents such as LpH. 134 degrees Celsius (274 degrees Fahrenheit) for 18 minutes in a pressurised steam autoclave may not be enough to deactivate the agent of disease. Ozone sterilization is currently being studied as a potential method for prion denature and deactivation. Renaturation of a completely denatured prion to infectious status has not yet been achieved, however partially denatured prions can be renatured to an infective status under certain artificial conditions.

The World Health Organization recommends any of the following three procedures for the sterilization of all heat-resistant surgical instruments to ensure that they are not contaminated with prions:

1.Immerse in a pan containing 1N NaOH and heat in a gravity-displacement autoclave at 121°C for 30 minutes; clean; rinse in water; and then perform routine sterilization processes.
2.Immerse in 1N NaOH or sodium hypochlorite (20,000 parts per million available chlorine) for 1 hour; transfer instruments to water; heat in a gravity-displacement autoclave at 121°C for 1 hour; clean; and then perform routine sterilization processes.
3.Immerse in 1N NaOH or sodium hypochlorite (20,000 parts per million available chlorine) for 1 hour; remove and rinse in water, then transfer to an open pan and heat in a gravity-displacement (121°C) or in a porous-load (134°C) autoclave for 1 hour; clean; and then perform routine sterilization processes.

prion一樣是由氨基酸組成的要讓它失去對正常的PrPc的作用能力可以藉由漂白水.氫氧化鈉.或強酸來使它失去活性.此外.臭氧應該也可以
原文附有6篇paper證明
Qin K, O'Donnell M, Zhao R (2006). "Doppel: more rival than double to prion". Neuroscience 141 (1): 1–8.
Race RE, Raymond GJ (February 2004). "Inactivation of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion) agents by environ LpH". J. Virol. 78 (4): 2164–5.
Collins SJ, Lawson VA, Masters CL (2004). "Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies". Lancet 363 (9402): 51–61
Brown P, Rau EH, Johnson BK, Bacote AE, Gibbs CJ, Gajdusek DC (March 2000). "New studies on the heat resistance of hamster-adapted scrapie agent: threshold survival after ashing at 600 degrees C suggests an inorganic template of replication". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3418–21.

Weissmann C, Enari M, Klöhn PC, Rossi D, Flechsig E (2002). "Transmission of prions". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 Suppl 4: 16378–83.
Sutton JM, Dickinson J, Walker JT and Raven NDH (2006). "Methods to Minimize the Risks of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease by Surgical Procedures: Where to Set the Standard?". Clinical Infectious Diseases 43: 757–64.

我已經不想回應某個蠢蛋
本文只給有想要知道的人

H1N1 已經死22人 怎不去順便公投?
衛生署頭2號人物要先開刀...

忽然有種感覺，以前上課的東西，有點搬過來的感覺

反正別人家的小孩死不完就是了
美國可是近10年來還有在隱瞞狂牛症病例的前科的國家

感謝大大的回應
我去的那家店好像沒有賣熱食的漢堡

因為賣場的公告就放在入口的地方
我本來去就都會看公告
這次去就看到公告說牛肉捲是用美國牛肉
不過公告也說用的美國牛肉是安全的

我這次還是買牛肉捲
可是以後如果開放美國牛肉
不知道是不是應該改買雞肉捲

不知道各位大大以後還會買牛肉捲嗎

至於麥當勞是有貼公告
說用的是澳洲牛肉
不過我也在想以後是不是改買雞肉類的漢堡

如果自己觀念不清楚
就請不要誤導別人
蛋白質的活性是active 還是 effective ?
兩個都叫活性的話, 那請問active 跟 effective的區別又在哪?

因為有活性的蛋白質具有效作用, 所以 active = effective
那有活性的蛋白質不具有效作用的情況呢?
你舉的都是ineffective Prion的方法, 不是inactive !

先回答我先前的問題再說吧

化學爛到爆的仁兄

突然想到一個話題, 不知道WCG或folding@home, 有沒有這類造成狂牛症的蛋白質研究計畫?